Aeroplane



Nbv; 16 1936.

A. TAMMEO AEROPLANE Filed April 20, 1925 I Fig. 2 1

- ferred to, therefore,

automatic steering of the translational speed of the aeroplane.

Patented Nov. 16, 1926.

- UNITED .STATES;

ALDO TAMMEO, or GENOA,

FOUR-TENTHS T0 EUGENIO GAMINADA, ONE-TENTH ONE-TENTH TO CARLO SCOTTI,ALL 01? canon, ITALY.

' annormnn.

Application filed April 20, 1925, Serial No. 24,555, and'in Italy June30, 1924.

This invention is based upon the consideration that an aeroplane is afree system in space, pivoted at its centre of gravity,

respect of which the forces and torques in action are balanced, andabout which the aeroplane turns.

This invention has for its object to obtain automatic transversestability ofthe aeroplane by the provision of combined automatic meansfor obtaining both longitudinal stability and steering stabilityindependently of the translational speed of the aeroplane.

It is known that in certain positions of an aeroplane and steeringhaving regard to the direction of wind, air currents which shouldproduce a thrust in the wing plane to provide the carrying powerthereof, in place of being incident with the wing plane, are parallelthereto; as the said carrying power will therefore totally fail, theaeroplane, in default of the characteristic features according to thisinvention, would begin to sideslip obliquely over the lower wing.

The principle above referred to can easily be demonstrated for, have atranslational speed of sufficient value, the aeroplane is firstlysubjected to the direct andquick action of the horizontal longitudinaltail arrangements which provide for longitudinal stabilitfy and willrise, so restoring the angles 0 incidenceof the wings to their rightvalue. On'the contrary, due to engine failure, should the aeroplane notposses the necessary speed, it will begin to sideslip obliquely over thelower wing,.thus causing the means provided for securing the automaticsteering stability to take effect.

The fundamental principles above recome into action and simultaneouslyprovide both for automatic longitudinal, stability and a considerablestability independently According to this invention the means rovidedfor'causing relative automatic sta- Eility of the aeroplane about therolling axis and complete to those skilled in the artshould the.aeroplane ing stability which comprise automatic stability about thepitch ng axis described in a former application 18 combined with themeans for providmg automatic stability about the rolling axis andcomplete automatic stability about the iteermg axis described in anotherapplicaion.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanyin front e evation, Figureand Figure 3 a plan of an aeroplane constructed in accordance with thisinvention.

As illustrated 1 and 2 are the horizontal balancing planes designed toprovide stability of the aeroplane about'the rolling axis and about thepitching axis, and to produce a righting action of the aeroplane aroundthe pitching axis should the aeroplane come out of equilibrium, while 3and 4 are vertical stabilizing planes'designed to provide automaticstability with respect to the rolling axis and with respect to thesteering axis, and further to produce a righting action with respect tothe rolling axis and a corrective action with respect to the steer-ITALY, ASSIGNOR 0F FOUR-TENTHS TO ALDO TAM'MEO. TO PIETRO FOPPIANO,.A.NI

drawing, in which Figure 1 is a Y 2 a side elevation,

ing axis as soon as the said aeroplane comes outof equilibrium.

Although as illustrated the present inven' tion has been based on whathas been de-v scribed and illustrated in the aforesaid application manymodifications may in practice be made without coming'out of the scope ofthe invention.

What I claim. as myinvention is:

1. In an aeroplane, thecombination with. the main supporting wings ofautomatic means for providing longitudinal stability and of automaticmeans for providing steermetrical vertical surfaces extending in rear ofthe main wings and arranged substantially parallel to the plane ofsymmetry of the aeroplane and so that their centres of pressure are ingrear' of the steering axis.

2. In an aeroplane, the combination with the, main-supporting wings ofautomatic -means' for providing longitudinal stability which comprise apair of symmetrical reara pair of sym- Wardly extending horizontalplanes so ar plane of symmetry of the aeroplane and so ranged that theircentres of pressure are in that their centres of pressure are in rear ofrear of the pitching axis, of automatic the steering axis.

means for providing steering stability which In Witness whereof, I havehereunto signed 5 comprise a pair of symmetrical vertical surmy name.

and arranged substantially parallel to the ALDO TAMMEO.

